1- Master of Carpets, Isfahan Art University, Iran.
2- Assistant Professor of Carpet Department, Isfahan Art University, Iran. ,babajamali_farhad@yahoo.com
3- Associate Professor, Faculty of Art, Architecture and Urban Planning, Islamic Azad University of Najafabad, Isfahan, Iran
4- Associate Professor of carpet Department, Isfahan Art University, Iran.
2- Assistant Professor of Carpet Department, Isfahan Art University, Iran. ,
3- Associate Professor, Faculty of Art, Architecture and Urban Planning, Islamic Azad University of Najafabad, Isfahan, Iran
4- Associate Professor of carpet Department, Isfahan Art University, Iran.
Abstract: (16 Views)
This study comparatively analyzes the proportional system of the medallion (Toranj) in carpets of Safavid Iran and Ottoman Anatolia during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The medallion is generally recognized as one of the principal elements in organizing the composition of carpets, while its position, dimensions, and proportions play a significant role in establishing the geometric order of the design. Nevertheless, the geometric proportions of the medallion in relation to the carpet field, particularly in comparative studies of Safavid Iranian and Ottoman carpets, have received limited scholarly attention. The aim of this study is to identify the similarities and differences in the proportional patterns of the medallion in these two carpet-weaving traditions and to explain its role in organizing the visual structure of carpets. The research question is: What similarities and differences characterize the proportional system of the medallion in Safavid Iranian and Ottoman Turkish carpets? The study is qualitative in nature and employs a descriptive-analytical method with a comparative approach. The research population comprises surviving carpets from the two cultural regions of Iran and Anatolia. In a broader study, 32 samples were examined, from which 8 samples (4 Safavid and 4 Ottoman carpets) were purposively selected for the present analysis. Data were collected through library sources and documented images and analyzed based on such components as medallion structure, geometric proportions, composition, and border organization. The findings indicate that, in the Safavid samples, the Golden Ratio (φ ≈ 1.618) was employed more prominently than other proportions in determining the dimensions of the medallion and its relationship to the carpet field. In contrast, the one-third ratio was more frequently observed in the organization of medallions and the repetition of motifs in the Ottoman samples. Furthermore, Safavid medallions exhibit greater formal diversity and structural complexity, whereas Ottoman examples show a stronger tendency toward simpler and repetitive patterns. These findings suggest that, despite the influence of the Safavid carpet-weaving tradition on Ottoman carpets, differences in the proportional system of the medallion contributed to the formation of distinctive characteristics in the visual organization of carpets from the two regions.
Article number: 10
Type of Study: Promotional |
Subject:
Applied Arts
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